{"id":1464,"date":"2026-11-02T11:22:44","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T11:22:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/?p=1464"},"modified":"2026-11-02T11:22:44","modified_gmt":"2026-11-02T11:22:44","slug":"reported-speech-in-turkish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/","title":{"rendered":"Reported Speech in Turkish: How to Say What Someone Said"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">English reports speech with a conjunction and a finite clause behind it, as in &#8220;she said that she was coming&#8221;. Turkish keeps that option for two constructions and uses a different one everywhere else. The reported sentence stops being a sentence: it turns into a noun, picks up a possessive suffix, and then takes a case ending chosen by the reporting verb. Reported speech in Turkish runs on that one move.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this article, you will learn which suffix replaces which original tense, what happens to the subject, and which case each reporting verb puts on the clause. You will also learn how to report a question and an order. <em>Haydi ba\u015flayal\u0131m!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#How_a_Reported_Sentence_Becomes_a_Noun\" >How a Reported Sentence Becomes a Noun<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#Which_Suffix_for_Which_Time_Reference\" >Which Suffix for Which Time Reference<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#How_the_Clause_Marks_Its_Subject\" >How the Clause Marks Its Subject<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#Nominal_Sentences_Var_and_Yok_The_Work_of_Olmak\" >Nominal Sentences, Var and Yok: The Work of Olmak<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#Which_Case_the_Reporting_Verb_Puts_on_the_Clause\" >Which Case the Reporting Verb Puts on the Clause<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#Why_Dedi_Cannot_Take_a_Reported_Clause\" >Why Dedi Cannot Take a Reported Clause<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#How_to_Report_an_Order_or_a_Request\" >How to Report an Order or a Request<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#How_to_Report_a_Question\" >How to Report a Question<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#How_-mIs_Differs_From_a_Reported_Clause\" >How -mI\u015f Differs From a Reported Clause<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#Common_Mistakes_With_Reported_Speech_in_Turkish\" >Common Mistakes With Reported Speech in Turkish<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_a_Reported_Sentence_Becomes_a_Noun\"><\/span>How a Reported Sentence Becomes a Noun<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Turkish turns verbs into nouns with several suffixes. Three of them build reported clauses. <em>-mAk<\/em>, the dictionary form, builds none, and is included here because the line between it and <em>-mA<\/em> decides how you report a request.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A capital letter inside a suffix name stands for a sound that changes with harmony: <em>A<\/em> is a or e, <em>I<\/em> is \u0131, i, u or \u00fc, <em>D<\/em> is d or t, and <em>K<\/em> is k or \u011f. One label therefore covers every realization, and <em>-DIK<\/em> alone has eight written forms, from <em>-d\u0131k<\/em> to <em>-t\u00fck<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Suffix<\/th><th>What it builds<\/th><th>Role in reported speech<\/th><th>Example<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>-mAk<\/strong><\/td><td>the action in the abstract<\/td><td>none; with no possessive suffix it cannot name whose action it is, which is why reported requests take <em>-mA<\/em><\/td><td><em>Erken <strong>kalkmak<\/strong> zor.<\/em> (Waking up early is hard.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-mA<\/strong><\/td><td>the action, with a possessive suffix naming whose it is<\/td><td>reported orders, requests and recommendations<\/td><td><em>Sessiz <strong>olmam\u0131<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (He told me to be quiet.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-DIK<\/strong><\/td><td>a clause with past or present content<\/td><td>reported statements<\/td><td><em>Beni <strong>bekledi\u011fini<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (She said that she was waiting for me.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-(y)AcAK<\/strong><\/td><td>a clause with future content<\/td><td>reported statements about what comes later<\/td><td><em>S\u0131nava <strong>girece\u011fini<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (He said that he would take the exam.)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first two differ without any reporting verb in sight: <em>Spor <strong>yapmak<\/strong> \u00e7ok sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131.<\/em> (Doing sport is very healthy.) states the action in general, while <em>Senin spor <strong>yapman<\/strong> laz\u0131m.<\/em> (You need to do sport.) attaches it to a person.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For a reported statement, the formula is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>subject in the genitive + verb stem + -DIK or -(y)AcAK + possessive suffix + case suffix<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Take a direct quotation and run it through: <em>Ali, &#8220;Hastay\u0131m&#8221; dedi.<\/em> (Ali said, &#8220;I am ill.&#8221;) becomes <em>Ali <strong>hasta oldu\u011funu<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that he was ill.) The quoted verb has disappeared. What reaches <em>s\u00f6yledi<\/em> is a noun phrase, and nothing in it is conjugated. <em>Geldi\u011fimi<\/em> (that I came) shows the seams: <em>gel-di\u011f-im-i<\/em>, stem plus <em>-DIK<\/em> plus the first-person possessive plus the accusative. Three sound rules run along those seams. Suffix vowels follow <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/vowel-harmony-in-turkish\/\">vowel harmony<\/a>. The <em>D<\/em> of <em>-DIK<\/em> hardens to <em>t<\/em> after a voiceless consonant, which gives <em>yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131<\/em> and not a form in <em>d<\/em>. The final <em>k<\/em> softens to <em>\u011f<\/em> in front of a vowel, and a third-person possessive adds a linking <em>n<\/em> before any case ending: <em>gel-di\u011f-i-n-i<\/em> gives <em>geldi\u011fini<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Which_Suffix_for_Which_Time_Reference\"><\/span>Which Suffix for Which Time Reference<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Use <em>-DIK<\/em> for an action at or before the reporting time, and <em>-(y)AcAK<\/em> for one that comes after it. Choose by the time you mean rather than by the ending of the original sentence: <em>Ali, &#8220;Yar\u0131n geliyorum&#8221; dedi.<\/em> (Ali said, &#8220;I am coming tomorrow.&#8221;) reports as <em>Ali yar\u0131n <strong>gelece\u011fini<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that he would come tomorrow.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>What Ali said<\/th><th>How you report it<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><em>&#8220;\u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum.&#8221;<\/em> (I am working.)<\/td><td><em>Ali <strong>\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that he was working.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>&#8220;Her g\u00fcn y\u00fczerim.&#8221;<\/em> (I swim every day.)<\/td><td><em>Ali her g\u00fcn <strong>y\u00fczd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that he swims every day.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>&#8220;Geldim.&#8221;<\/em> (I came.)<\/td><td><em>Ali <strong>geldi\u011fini<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that he had come.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>&#8220;Ay\u015fe i\u015fi b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f.&#8221;<\/em> (Apparently Ay\u015fe quit her job.)<\/td><td><em>Ali, Ay\u015fe&#8217;nin i\u015fi <strong>b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that Ay\u015fe had quit her job.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>&#8220;Gelece\u011fim.&#8221;<\/em> (I will come.)<\/td><td><em>Ali <strong>gelece\u011fini<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that he would come.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>&#8220;Me\u015fgul\u00fcm.&#8221;<\/em> (I am busy.)<\/td><td><em>Ali <strong>me\u015fgul oldu\u011funu<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that he was busy.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>&#8220;Param yok.&#8221;<\/em> (I have no money.)<\/td><td><em>Ali <strong>paras\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that he had no money.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>&#8220;Gitmem gerek.&#8221;<\/em> (I need to go.)<\/td><td><em>Ali <strong>gitmesi gerekti\u011fini<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that he needed to go.)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The possessive suffix takes its person from the reporting viewpoint, not from the original speaker. Ali&#8217;s <em>\u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum<\/em> comes back as <em>\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/em> once somebody else reports it, and time and place words move with it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Notice that the table does not contain a shift backwards in time. English allows a backshift once the reporting verb is in the past, turning &#8220;I am working&#8221; into &#8220;she said she was working&#8221;. <strong>Turkish does not<\/strong>, because <em>-DIK<\/em> and <em>-(y)AcAK<\/em> locate the action relative to the reporting verb rather than to the moment of speaking. Translate the Turkish clause by the English tense the situation calls for, and leave the suffix alone. A state that still holds later keeps <em>-DIK<\/em> even next to a future time word: <em>Yar\u0131n toplant\u0131 <strong>oldu\u011funu<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (She said that there was a meeting tomorrow.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That relative timing is what makes a sentence like this one work:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Hakl\u0131s\u0131n ama ben sonu\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 senin <strong>yazaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> sanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.<\/em> (You&#8217;re right, but I thought you were going to write the conclusion.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reporting verb sits in the past perfect, the clause is in <em>-(y)AcAK<\/em>, and the result is the English &#8220;was going to&#8221;. A future clause under a past reporting verb gives you the future in the past.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_the_Clause_Marks_Its_Subject\"><\/span>How the Clause Marks Its Subject<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">State the clause subject explicitly and it goes into the <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/genitive-case-turkish\/\">genitive case<\/a>, with a possessive suffix on the nominalizer agreeing with it. The two work as a pair. Existential clauses are the exception: <em>Evde kimse <strong>olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (He said that there was nobody home.) leaves <em>kimse<\/em> unmarked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Clause subject<\/th><th>Reported clause<\/th><th>English<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><em>benim<\/em><\/td><td><em>geldi\u011fimi<\/em><\/td><td>that I came<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>senin<\/em><\/td><td><em>geldi\u011fini<\/em><\/td><td>that you came<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>onun<\/em><\/td><td><em>geldi\u011fini<\/em><\/td><td>that he, she or it came<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>bizim<\/em><\/td><td><em>geldi\u011fimizi<\/em><\/td><td>that we came<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>sizin<\/em><\/td><td><em>geldi\u011finizi<\/em><\/td><td>that you came (plural or polite)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>onlar\u0131n<\/em><\/td><td><em>geldiklerini<\/em><\/td><td>that they came<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second and third person singular forms are identical. <em>Senin <strong>geldi\u011fini<\/strong> biliyorum.<\/em> (I know that you came.) and <em>Onun <strong>geldi\u011fini<\/strong> biliyorum.<\/em> (I know that he came.) separate them with the pronoun, and context does the same work when the pronoun is absent, so keep it where the sentence would otherwise be unclear. With a plural subject, <em>onlar\u0131n geldi\u011fini<\/em> stands beside <em>onlar\u0131n geldiklerini<\/em>. A named subject behaves the same way and keeps its apostrophe: <em>Ay\u015fe&#8217;nin <strong>ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (He said that Ay\u015fe had moved.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The final <em>-i<\/em> on each of those forms is the <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/the-accusative-case-in-turkish\/\">accusative case<\/a>, because <em>s\u00f6ylemek<\/em> and <em>bilmek<\/em> both take a direct object. It is not part of the nominalizer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Negation goes inside the clause, before the nominalizer, exactly where it would sit on a finite verb: <em>gelmedi\u011fini<\/em> (that he did not come), <em>gelmeyece\u011fini<\/em> (that he will not come), <em>olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/em> (that there is none).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>L\u00fctfen telefonunun <strong>k\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> s\u00f6yle!<\/em> (Please tell me your phone wasn&#8217;t broken!)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nominal_Sentences_Var_and_Yok_The_Work_of_Olmak\"><\/span>Nominal Sentences, Var and Yok: The Work of Olmak<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Turkish sentence with no verb in it cannot nominalize directly, so <em>ol-<\/em> steps in and carries the suffix. It covers three patterns at once.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Hastay\u0131m.<\/em> (I am ill.) becomes <em>hasta oldu\u011fumu<\/em> (that I was ill), and <em>\u00d6\u011fretmenim.<\/em> (I am a teacher.) becomes <em>\u00f6\u011fretmen oldu\u011fumu<\/em> (that I was a teacher).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Var<\/em> becomes <em>oldu\u011funu<\/em>: <em>Buzdolab\u0131nda yemek oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (She said that there was food in the fridge.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Yok<\/em> becomes <em>olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/em>: <em>Evde kimse olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (He said that there was nobody home.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Expressions of <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/necessity-turkish-gerek-lazim\/\">necessity<\/a> follow the same route through <em>gerekmek<\/em>, which gives the clause its own internal structure:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>E\u011fitmeni arad\u0131m, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 i\u00e7in \u00f6nce havuzda k\u0131sa bir deneme dal\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapmam\u0131z <strong>gerekti\u011fini<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (I called the instructor, and he said that for starters, we need to do a short trial dive in a pool first.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Read that clause from the inside out. <em>Yapmam\u0131z<\/em> is <em>-mA<\/em> plus a first-person plural possessive. <em>Gerekti\u011fini<\/em> breaks into <em>gerek-ti\u011f-i-n-i<\/em>: <em>-DIK<\/em> with its <em>D<\/em> hardened to <em>t<\/em> after <em>k<\/em>, then the third-person possessive, the linking <em>n<\/em> and the accusative. <em>S\u00f6yledi<\/em> governs the whole thing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Which_Case_the_Reporting_Verb_Puts_on_the_Clause\"><\/span>Which Case the Reporting Verb Puts on the Clause<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since the reported clause is a noun phrase, the reporting verb governs it the way it would govern any other noun, and Turkish verbs do not all govern the accusative. The T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu dictionary marks the case for each verb in its entry, which turns a memorization problem into a lookup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Reporting verb<\/th><th>TDK marks it<\/th><th>Clause ends in<\/th><th>Example<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>s\u00f6ylemek (to say, to tell)<\/td><td><code>-i<\/code><\/td><td>accusative<\/td><td><em>Ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (He said that she had moved.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>anlatmak (to tell, to explain)<\/td><td><code>-e<\/code>, <code>-i<\/code><\/td><td>accusative, plus a dative listener<\/td><td><em>Bana ne oldu\u011funu anlatt\u0131.<\/em> (He told me what had happened.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sormak (to ask)<\/td><td><code>-e<\/code>, <code>-i<\/code>, <code>-den<\/code><\/td><td>accusative<\/td><td><em>Ne zaman d\u00f6nece\u011fimi sordu.<\/em> (She asked when I would be back.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek (to think)<\/td><td><code>-i<\/code><\/td><td>accusative<\/td><td><em>Treni ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/em> (I thought that I had missed the train.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>duymak (to hear)<\/td><td><code>-i<\/code><\/td><td>accusative<\/td><td><em>Ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duydum.<\/em> (I heard that she had moved.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00f6\u011frenmek (to find out)<\/td><td><code>-i<\/code><\/td><td>accusative<\/td><td><em>S\u0131nav\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fimi \u00f6\u011frendim.<\/em> (I found out that I had passed the exam.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>hat\u0131rlamak (to remember)<\/td><td><code>-i<\/code><\/td><td>accusative<\/td><td><em>Kap\u0131y\u0131 kilitledi\u011fimi hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum.<\/em> (I remember locking the door.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>unutmak (to forget)<\/td><td><code>-i<\/code><\/td><td>accusative<\/td><td><em>S\u00f6z verdi\u011fini unutmu\u015f.<\/em> (Apparently he forgot that he had given his word.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>istemek (to want)<\/td><td><code>-i<\/code><\/td><td>accusative<\/td><td><em>Gelmemi istedi.<\/em> (She wanted me to come.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>bahsetmek<\/strong> (to mention)<\/td><td><code>-den<\/code><\/td><td><strong>ablative<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsetti.<\/em> (He mentioned that she had moved.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>inanmak<\/strong> (to believe)<\/td><td><code>-e<\/code><\/td><td><strong>dative<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yorum.<\/em> (I believe that he is right.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>demek<\/strong> (to say)<\/td><td>nesnesiz, in its speech sense<\/td><td><strong>no nominalized clause<\/strong><\/td><td>see the next section<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The three bold rows are where sentences break. <em>Bahsetmek<\/em> is marked <code>-den<\/code>, so the clause ends in the <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/ablative-case-turkish\/\">ablative<\/a> where another verb would want the accusative: <em>Ay\u015fe&#8217;nin <strong>ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan<\/strong> bahsetti.<\/em> (He mentioned that Ay\u015fe had moved.) The breakdown is <em>ta\u015f\u0131n-d\u0131\u011f-\u0131-n-dan<\/em>. <em>\u0130nanmak<\/em> is marked <code>-e<\/code>, so the same clause ends in the dative: <em>Ay\u015fe&#8217;nin <strong>ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131na<\/strong> inan\u0131yorum.<\/em> (I believe that Ay\u015fe has moved.) Change the reporting verb and the final suffix changes with it, while the clause itself stays put.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_Dedi_Cannot_Take_a_Reported_Clause\"><\/span>Why Dedi Cannot Take a Reported Clause<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TDK marks the speech sense of <em>demek<\/em> as <em>nesnesiz<\/em>, used without an object, while <em>s\u00f6ylemek<\/em> carries the label <code>-i<\/code> for an accusative object. Under <em>s\u00f6ylemek<\/em> the nominalized clause takes that accusative, and <em>demek<\/em> has no slot to put it in. This is not a ban on objects after <em>demek<\/em>, since <em>Bunu <strong>dedim<\/strong>.<\/em> (I said this.) is ordinary Turkish. What <em>demek<\/em> does not take is the nominalized clause, and that leaves three working alternatives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Struck-through forms in this article are incorrect and must not be copied.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><s><em>Geldi\u011fini dedi.<\/em><\/s> (wrong: a nominalized clause goes with <em>s\u00f6ylemek<\/em>, not <em>demek<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (He said that he had come.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first alternative is <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/direct-speech-in-turkish\/\">direct speech<\/a>, which keeps the original words and lets <em>dedi<\/em> do its job: <em>Ali, &#8220;Yar\u0131n gelirim&#8221; dedi.<\/em> (Ali said, &#8220;I will come tomorrow.&#8221;) The quotative <em>diye<\/em> works the same way, after a quotation or a clause whose verb stays conjugated: <em>&#8220;Yar\u0131n gelece\u011fim&#8221; <strong>diye<\/strong> d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc.<\/em> (She thought, &#8220;I will come tomorrow.&#8221;) TDK defines it as the word that links that content to the verb with the force of <em>diyerek<\/em>, which is why it turns up with verbs of asking and thinking rather than with nominalized clauses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second is <em>dedi ki<\/em>, where <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/ki-suffix-and-word-ki-turkish\/\">ki<\/a> joins two clauses and the verb in the second one stays conjugated: <em>Ali dedi ki yar\u0131n gelecek.<\/em> (Ali said that he would come tomorrow.) TDK classifies this <em>ki<\/em> as a <em>ba\u011fla\u00e7<\/em>, a conjunction, and it is the one Turkish construction that lines up with the English &#8220;that&#8221;. It belongs to speech and to writing that imitates speech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The third is the nominalized clause with a verb that accepts an object, which is the form the rest of this article describes: <em>Ali yar\u0131n gelece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_Report_an_Order_or_a_Request\"><\/span>How to Report an Order or a Request<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>-mA<\/em> reports an action that somebody asks for, orders or recommends, rather than an action that happened. The possessive suffix identifies the person who is supposed to act, and with <em>s\u00f6ylemek<\/em> the accusative follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That possessive is what <em>-mAk<\/em> cannot carry, and it is the whole difference between the two. <em>Y\u00fczmek istiyorum.<\/em> (I want to swim.) needs no possessive, because the wanter and the swimmer are the same person. <em>Y\u00fczmemi istedi.<\/em> (She wanted me to swim.) needs one, because they are not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>verb stem + -mA + possessive + accusative + reporting verb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Original order<\/th><th>Reported version<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><em>Annem, bana &#8220;Televizyonu kapat&#8221; dedi.<\/em> (My mom said to me, &#8220;Turn off the TV.&#8221;)<\/td><td><em>Annem televizyonu <strong>kapatmam\u0131<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (My mom told me to turn off the TV.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ali, &#8220;Bizi bekleyin&#8221; dedi.<\/em> (Ali said, &#8220;Wait for us.&#8221;)<\/td><td><em>Ali onlar\u0131 <strong>beklememizi<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali told us to wait for them.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Babam, &#8220;Bu filmi izleme&#8221; dedi.<\/em> (My dad said, &#8220;Don&#8217;t watch this movie.&#8221;)<\/td><td><em>Babam bu filmi <strong>izlemememi<\/strong> s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (My dad told me not to watch this movie.)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The third row carries <em>-mA<\/em> twice in <em>\u0130zlemememi<\/em>: once for the negation and once for the nominalization, giving <em>izle-me-me-m-i<\/em>. Drop one of them and the sentence reports the opposite instruction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The verbs <em>istemek<\/em>, <em>rica etmek<\/em>, <em>tavsiye etmek<\/em> and <em>\u00f6nermek<\/em> take the same <em>-mA<\/em> clause with a possessive suffix. <em>Tur rehberi, Kapadokya&#8217;da balon turu yapmam\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye etti.<\/em> (The tour guide recommended that we take a hot air balloon tour in Cappadocia.) For the forms of the original order, see the guide to the <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/imperative-turkish-emir-kipi\/\">imperative<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_Report_a_Question\"><\/span>How to Report a Question<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Reported questions split into two kinds, and the split matches English fairly closely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A question built on a question word keeps that word and nominalizes the verb: <em>Nerede oldu\u011fumu sordu.<\/em> (She asked where I was.) <em>Kim oldu\u011funu sordu.<\/em> (He asked who it was.) The question word stays in place, and <em>sordu<\/em> takes the accusative clause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Ben ne <strong>oldu\u011funu<\/strong> anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m s\u0131rada maymun a\u011faca t\u0131rmanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/em> (While I was trying to understand what was happening, the monkey started climbing a tree.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A yes-or-no question has no question word to keep, so Turkish builds &#8220;whether&#8221; out of the verb itself, in the affirmative and then in the negative: <em>-(y)Ip<\/em> on the first, the nominalized negative on the second.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Hasta olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 sordu.<\/em> (She asked whether I was ill.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Gelip gelmeyece\u011fini sordu.<\/em> (He asked whether she would come.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Diye<\/em> reports the same question with a conjugated verb, keeping the original <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/how-to-ask-questions-in-turkish\/\">question particle<\/a>: <em>Gelecek <strong>mi diye<\/strong> sordu.<\/em> (He asked whether she would come.) Both constructions are in regular use, and the <em>-(y)Ip<\/em> one is the one that nominalizes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_-mIs_Differs_From_a_Reported_Clause\"><\/span>How -mI\u015f Differs From a Reported Clause<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-past-tense-turkish-duyulan-gecmis-zaman\/\">reported past tense<\/a> marks information that reached you indirectly, and it nominalizes nothing. The two do different jobs, so a sentence takes either or both:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Ali <strong>gelmi\u015f<\/strong>.<\/em> (Apparently Ali came.) The suffix presents the arrival as something learned rather than witnessed, whether reported by somebody else or inferred on the spot, with no reporting verb and nobody named.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Ali&#8217;nin <strong>geldi\u011fini<\/strong> duydum.<\/em> (I heard that Ali came.) The clause is nominalized, and <em>duydum<\/em> says how the information arrived.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Ay\u015fe&#8217;nin s\u00f6yledi\u011fine g\u00f6re Ali <strong>gelmi\u015f<\/strong>.<\/em> (According to Ay\u015fe, Ali came.) Both at once: a nominalized clause names the source, and <em>-mI\u015f<\/em> keeps the arrival second-hand.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A reporting verb takes the evidential suffix itself when the report reached you the same way: <em>Ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 <strong>duymu\u015f<\/strong>.<\/em> (Apparently she heard that I had moved.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Mistakes_With_Reported_Speech_in_Turkish\"><\/span>Common Mistakes With Reported Speech in Turkish<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each struck form below is the error, with its correction underneath.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><s><em>Geldi\u011fini dedi.<\/em><\/s> (wrong: a nominalized clause goes with <em>s\u00f6ylemek<\/em>, not <em>demek<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (He said that he had come.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><s><em>Ali, Ay\u015fe geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/s> (wrong: the clause subject needs the genitive)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Ali, Ay\u015fe&#8217;nin geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (Ali said that Ay\u015fe had come.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><s><em>Yar\u0131n geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/s> (wrong: an arrival still to come takes <em>-(y)AcAK<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Yar\u0131n gelece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (She said that she would come tomorrow.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><s><em>Gelmek s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/s> (wrong: <em>-mAk<\/em> carries no person, so it cannot report a request)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Gelmemi s\u00f6yledi.<\/em> (He told me to come.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><s><em>Hasta oldu\u011fumu sordu.<\/em><\/s> (wrong for a yes-or-no question: it states the illness instead of asking about it)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Hasta olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 sordu.<\/em> (She asked whether I was ill.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the nominalized pattern, the quoted sentence becomes a noun in <em>-DIK<\/em>, <em>-(y)AcAK<\/em> or <em>-mA<\/em>, the possessive names whose action it was, and the reporting verb decides the final case. From <em>hasta oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi<\/em> to <em>hasta olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 sordu<\/em>, nothing inside the clause is conjugated, while the <em>ki<\/em> and <em>diye<\/em> constructions keep their verb and stay the exception. Most of what you pass on in a day runs through these forms, from what a colleague promised to what a doctor asked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Read next: <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/how-to-say-when-in-turkish\/\">how to say &#8220;when&#8221; in Turkish<\/a> puts the same <em>-DIK<\/em> clause to work in time expressions, from <em>-d\u0131\u011f\u0131nda<\/em>, which ends in the locative, to <em>-d\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman<\/em>, which hands the job to the noun <em>zaman<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-speech-in-turkish\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" title=\"Permalink to Reported Speech in Turkish: How to Say What Someone Said\"><p>Turkish reports most speech without a conjunction: the reported sentence becomes a noun, takes a possessive suffix and then a case ending chosen by the reporting verb. This guide covers every form, from -d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 to reported commands and questions.<\/p>\n<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1465,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1464","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-grammar","h-entry","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Reported Speech in Turkish: Forms, Cases, Examples<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A complete guide to Turkish reported speech: which suffix replaces which tense, possessive agreement, case marking, and authentic example sentences.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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