{"id":387,"date":"2024-10-31T14:03:44","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T14:03:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/?p=387"},"modified":"2024-10-31T14:03:44","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T14:03:44","slug":"how-to-form-plurals-in-turkish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/how-to-form-plurals-in-turkish\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Form Plurals in Turkish"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Turkish, forming the plural of a noun is simple: just add the <strong>suffix <em>-lar<\/em><\/strong> or <em><strong>-ler<\/strong><\/em> to the word. The choice between the plural suffixes\u00a0<strong>-ler<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>-lar<\/strong>\u00a0is determined by <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/vowel-harmony-in-turkish\/\">the vowel harmony<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If the last vowel of the word is thick (a,\u0131,o,u),<strong> -lar<\/strong> is added.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the last vowel of the word is thin (e,i,\u00f6,\u00fc), <strong>-ler<\/strong> is added.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/how-to-form-plurals-in-turkish\/#Plural_Examples_in_Turkish\" >Plural Examples in Turkish<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/how-to-form-plurals-in-turkish\/#Exceptions_to_Vowel_Harmony_with_Plural_Loan_Words\" >Exceptions to Vowel Harmony with Plural Loan Words<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/how-to-form-plurals-in-turkish\/#Plurals_after_Numbers_and_Quantifiers\" >Plurals after Numbers and Quantifiers<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Plural_Examples_in_Turkish\"><\/span>Plural Examples in Turkish<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Singular<\/th><th>Plural<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>kitap (book)<\/td><td>kitaplar (books)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u015fapka (hat)<\/td><td>\u015fapkalar (hats)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ev (house)<\/td><td>evler (houses)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>araba (car)<\/td><td>arabalar (cars)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00f6\u011frenci (student)<\/td><td>\u00f6\u011frenciler (students)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>kap\u0131 (door)<\/td><td>kap\u0131lar (doors)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>k\u00f6pek (dog)<\/td><td>k\u00f6pekler (dogs)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>okul (school)<\/td><td>okullar (schools)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>s\u00f6zl\u00fck (dictionary)<\/td><td>s\u00f6zl\u00fckler (dictionaries)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>k\u00f6y (village)<\/td><td>k\u00f6yler (villages)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00e7ocuk (child)<\/td><td>\u00e7ocuklar (children)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>eczane (pharmacy)<\/td><td>eczaneler (pharmacies)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here are a few sentences using plurals in Turkish:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Bah\u00e7elerde g\u00fczel \u00e7i\u00e7ek<strong>ler<\/strong> var.<\/em> (There are beautiful flowers in the gardens.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u00d6\u011frenci<strong>ler<\/strong> s\u0131n\u0131fta sessizce oturuyor.<\/em> (The students are sitting quietly in the classroom.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Kedi<strong>ler<\/strong> ve k\u00f6pek<strong>ler<\/strong> parkta oynuyor.<\/em> (Cats and dogs are playing in the park.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Yeni kitap<strong>lar<\/strong> raf<strong>lar<\/strong>da sergileniyor.<\/em> (New books are displayed on the shelves.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u00c7ocuk<strong>lar<\/strong> oyun alan\u0131nda e\u011fleniyor.<\/em> (The children are having fun in the playground.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Kap\u0131<strong>lar<\/strong> kapand\u0131ktan sonra etkinlik ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/em> (The event began after the doors closed.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u015eehir<strong>ler<\/strong> b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e yeni bina<strong>lar<\/strong> in\u015fa ediliyor.<\/em> (As cities grow, new buildings are constructed.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Kom\u015fu<strong>lar<\/strong> toplant\u0131da bir araya geldi.<\/em> (The neighbors gathered at the meeting.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Araba yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 araba<strong>lar<\/strong> dikkati \u00e7ekti.<\/em> (Fast cars attracted attention in the car races.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>K\u00f6y<strong>ler<\/strong>de insanlar gelenek<strong>ler<\/strong>ini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/em> (People are preserving their traditions in the villages.)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"margin-top:32px;border-radius:5px;background-color:#990707;margin:24px 0;\">\n\t\t\t<iframe data-w-type=\"embedded\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" marginheight=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" src=\"https:\/\/sz8or.mjt.lu\/wgt\/sz8or\/xu9j\/form?c=0e79a5f9\" width=\"100%\" style=\"height: 0;\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/app.mailjet.com\/pas-nc-embedded-v1.js\"><\/script><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exceptions_to_Vowel_Harmony_with_Plural_Loan_Words\"><\/span>Exceptions to Vowel Harmony with Plural Loan Words<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Be careful, some borrowed words from foreign languages don\u2019t comply with vowel harmony rules when forming the plural. Here are some common exceptions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>saat<\/strong> (clock) \u2192 <strong>saatler<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>kalp<\/strong> (heart) \u2192 <strong>kalpler<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>hayal<\/strong> (dream) \u2192 <strong>hayaller<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>alkol<\/strong> (alcohol) \u2192 <strong>alkoller<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>seyahat<\/strong> (trip) \u2192 <strong>seyahatler<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Plurals_after_Numbers_and_Quantifiers\"><\/span>Plurals after Numbers and Quantifiers<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When nouns appear after numbers or quantifiers like <strong>&#8220;\u00e7ok&#8221;<\/strong> (many\/much), they remain singular and <strong>do not take a plural suffix<\/strong>. Here are a few examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>iki kitap<\/em> (two books)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>be\u015f ev <\/em>(five houses)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u00fc\u00e7 bilet<\/em> (three tickets)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u00e7ok araba<\/em> (many cars)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>az insan<\/em> (a few people)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Masada \u00fc\u00e7 kalem var.<\/em> (There are three pens on the table.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Parkta \u00e7ok \u00e7ocuk oynuyor.<\/em> (Many children are playing in the park.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Dolapta be\u015f bardak buldum. <\/em>(I found five glasses in the cupboard.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/how-to-form-plurals-in-turkish\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" title=\"Permalink to How to Form Plurals in Turkish\"><p>Discover how to form the plural in Turkish with the suffix -lar or &#8211; ler and with examples.<\/p>\n<\/a>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":390,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-grammar","h-entry","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - 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