{"id":741,"date":"2025-03-19T13:00:49","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T13:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/?p=741"},"modified":"2025-03-19T13:01:20","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T13:01:20","slug":"the-gerunds-in-turkish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/the-gerunds-in-turkish\/","title":{"rendered":"The Gerunds in Turkish"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mastering gerunds in Turkish allows you to express simultaneous actions, methods, or gradual processes with clarity and ease. In this article, we&#8217;ll explore Turkish gerunds, their formations, uses, and provide plenty of examples to help you understand them better.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are three main ways to form gerunds in Turkish:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/the-gerunds-in-turkish\/#1_Gerund_-ken_While_When\" >1. Gerund: -ken (While \/ When)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/the-gerunds-in-turkish\/#2_Gerund_-yarak_-yerek_By_While\" >2. Gerund: -(y)arak \/ -(y)erek (By \/ While)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/the-gerunds-in-turkish\/#3_Gerund_Verb_ya_Verb_ya_By_Doing_Continuously\" >3. Gerund: Verb + (y)a Verb + (y)a (By Doing Continuously)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/the-gerunds-in-turkish\/#Summary_Table_of_Turkish_Gerunds\" >Summary Table of Turkish Gerunds<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Gerund_-ken_While_When\"><\/span>1. Gerund: -ken (While \/ When)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The gerund &#8220;-ken&#8221; expresses simultaneous actions or states, equivalent to &#8220;while&#8221; or &#8220;when&#8221; in English. It can attach to nouns, adjectives, and verbs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">With Nouns and Adjectives:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If the noun\/adjective ends with a consonant, directly add <strong>-ken<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the noun\/adjective ends with a vowel, add the buffer <strong>-y-<\/strong> before <strong>-ken<\/strong> to ease pronunciation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>Turkish<\/th><th>English<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>\u00dcniversite <strong>\u00f6\u011frencisi<\/strong>yken \u0130stanbul&#8217;da ya\u015famak \u00e7ok keyifliydi.<\/td><td>Living in Istanbul was very enjoyable when I was a university student.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ben <strong>\u00e7ocuk<\/strong>ken bayram sabah\u0131 teyzemlere giderdik.<\/td><td>When I was a child, we used to go to my aunt\u2019s house on the morning of Bayram.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Peru&#8217;da<\/strong>yken surf yapmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendim.<\/td><td>When I was in Peru, I learned how to surf.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Sahilde<\/strong>yken g\u00fcne\u015f kremi s\u00fcrmeyi unutma.<\/td><td>Don&#8217;t forget to apply sunscreen while on the beach.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">With Verbs:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;-ken&#8221; attaches to <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/The-Present-Simple-in-Turkish.png\">the Simple Present (Geni\u015f Zaman)<\/a> form of verbs. The present tense marker (<strong>-r<\/strong>, <strong>-ar<\/strong>, <strong>-er<\/strong>, <strong>-\u0131r<\/strong>, <strong>-ir<\/strong>, <strong>-ur<\/strong>, <strong>-\u00fcr<\/strong>) must precede &#8220;-ken.&#8221; As &#8220;-ken&#8221; itself doesn\u2019t indicate tense, the main verb in the sentence determines whether the action happens in the present or past.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Turkish<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>English<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vapurdan manzaray\u0131 <strong>izlerken<\/strong> kendimi \u00e7ok huzurlu hissediyorum.<\/td><td>I feel very peaceful while watching the view from the ferry.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Spor <strong>yaparken<\/strong> kendini a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 zorlamamaya dikkat etmelisin.<\/td><td>You should be careful not to push yourself too hard while exercising.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Televizyon <strong>izlerken<\/strong> elektrikler kesildi.<\/td><td>The power went out while I was watching TV.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn \u015farap <strong>i\u00e7erken<\/strong> yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla barda\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fcm.<\/td><td>The other day, while drinking wine, I accidentally dropped the glass.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e <strong>\u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken<\/strong> uyuyakalm\u0131\u015f\u0131m.<\/td><td>I accidentally fell asleep while studying Turkish.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Special Use: <strong>-mi\u015fken<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;-ken&#8221; is normally attached to <strong>the aorist form of verbs<\/strong>, but it can also be used with <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/reported-past-tense-turkish-duyulan-gecmis-zaman\/\">the -mi\u015f past participle<\/a> (-mi\u015fken) for a different meaning. It means <em>&#8220;since (one has) already done something&#8221; or &#8220;while (one is) at it.&#8221;<\/em> It emphasizes taking advantage of a situation or doing something while another action has already happened.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Market <strong>gitmi\u015fken<\/strong> bana da bir kilo elma al\u0131r m\u0131s\u0131n?<\/em> (Since you&#8217;re already going to the market, can you buy me one kilo of apples too?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>D\u0131\u015far\u0131 <strong>\u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015fken<\/strong> biraz y\u00fcr\u00fcyelim.<\/em> (Since we\u2019re already outside, let\u2019s take a walk.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"margin-top:32px;border-radius:5px;background-color:#990707;margin:24px 0;\">\n\t\t\t<iframe data-w-type=\"embedded\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" marginheight=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" src=\"https:\/\/sz8or.mjt.lu\/wgt\/sz8or\/xu9j\/form?c=0e79a5f9\" width=\"100%\" style=\"height: 0;\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/app.mailjet.com\/pas-nc-embedded-v1.js\"><\/script><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Gerund_-yarak_-yerek_By_While\"><\/span>2. Gerund: -(y)arak \/ -(y)erek (By \/ While)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The gerund &#8220;-(y)arak \/ -(y)erek&#8221; describes <strong>how an action is performed<\/strong>. It answers the question \u201chow\u201d you do something and it is attached directly to the verb stem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Turkish<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>English<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yeter art\u0131k! Benimle <strong>ba\u011f\u0131rarak<\/strong> konu\u015fma.<\/td><td>Enough already! Don\u2019t talk to me by shouting.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Anadolu yakas\u0131ndan Avrupa yakas\u0131na <strong>y\u00fczerek<\/strong> ge\u00e7mi\u015f.<\/td><td>She passed from the Asian side to the European side by swimming.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Anneni <strong>dinlemeyerek<\/strong> b\u00fcy\u00fck hata yap\u0131yorsun.<\/td><td>By not listening to your mother, you are making a big mistake.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u015eark\u0131 <strong>s\u00f6yleyerek<\/strong> temizlik yapmay\u0131 \u00e7ok seviyorum.<\/td><td>I love cleaning while singing.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00c7ok ders <strong>\u00e7al\u0131\u015farak<\/strong> \u00fcniversite s\u0131nav\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131m.<\/td><td>I passed the university entrance exam by studying a lot.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Gerund_Verb_ya_Verb_ya_By_Doing_Continuously\"><\/span>3. Gerund: Verb + (y)a Verb + (y)a (By Doing Continuously)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This gerund form expresses repeated or continuous action leading gradually to a result. It shows that an action gradually reaches a result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Formation: attach &#8220;(y)a\/e&#8221; directly to the verb stem and repeat the verb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>Turkish<\/td><td>English<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00fcrk dizileri <strong>izleye izleye<\/strong> T\u00fcrk\u00e7em geli\u015fti.<\/td><td>By watching Turkish TV series repeatedly, my Turkish improved.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Her hafta spor <strong>yapa yapa<\/strong> kondisyonumu artt\u0131rd\u0131m.<\/td><td>By working out every week, I improved my endurance.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Onu <strong>g\u00f6rmeye g\u00f6rmeye<\/strong> unuttum.<\/td><td>By not seeing him\/her for a long time, I forgot about him\/her.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kebap <strong>yiye yiye<\/strong> kilo ald\u0131m.<\/td><td>By eating kebabs all the time, I gained weight.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Summary_Table_of_Turkish_Gerunds\"><\/span>Summary Table of Turkish Gerunds<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In conclusion, here are the three ways to form gerunds in Turkish:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Gerund Form<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Usage<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Example<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-ken<\/strong><\/td><td>while, when (simultaneous)<\/td><td><em>\u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken m\u00fczik dinlerim.<\/em> (I listen to music while working.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>-(y)arak \/ -(y)erek<\/strong><\/td><td>how an action is performed<\/td><td><em>G\u00fclerek cevap verdi.<\/em> (She answered by laughing.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Verb + (y)a Verb + (y)a<\/strong><\/td><td>continuous or repetitive action<\/td><td><em>Konu\u015fa konu\u015fa anla\u015ft\u0131k.<\/em> (We understood each other by talking continuously.)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now that you can use gerunds in Turkish, learn <a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/without-before-turkish-meden-madan\/\">how to say &#8220;without&#8221; or &#8220;before&#8221; in Turkish with -meden\/-madan<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<a href=\"https:\/\/turkishfluent.com\/blog\/the-gerunds-in-turkish\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" title=\"Permalink to The Gerunds in Turkish\"><p>Master Turkish gerunds (-ken, -(y)arak, -(y)a&#8230;-(y)a) easily. Clear explanations, practical examples, and tables to help you understand how gerunds work in Turkish.<\/p>\n<\/a>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-grammar","h-entry","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Gerunds in Turkish - TurkishFluent | Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Master Turkish gerunds (-ken, -(y)arak, -(y)a...-(y)a) with clear explanations, practical examples, and tables. 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